Loksewa PSC Past Questions for Medical Officer Gandaki Province 2081 Question both set

Loksewa PSC Past Questions for Medical Officer Gandaki Province Year 2081 Question Loksewa Past Questions for Medical Officer 8th Level Loksewa Past Questions for Medical Adhikrit 8th Level

Multiple Choice Quiz

1. Which fontanelle closes at 18 months-2 years?

A. Anterior
B. Posterior
C. Lambdoid
D. Metopic

Correct Answer: A. Anterior

2. Neonate of 3 weeks age with a history of excess vomiting presents with the signs of severe dehydration. The ideal fluid of choice to resuscitate such a baby is:

A. 0.9% NS at the rate of 125-150ml/kg/day
B. ½ 0.9% NS at the rate of 100ml/kg/day
C. 0.9% NS at the rate of 125ml/kg/day
D. 10% NS at the rate of 100ml/kg/day

Correct Answer: A. 0.9% NS at the rate of 125-150ml/kg/day

3. 11-year-old girl had recent travel history to a rural area. Now she presented with pain abdomen, fever, and bloody diarrhea. Most probable diagnosis is:

A. Infective colitis
B. Ischaemic colitis
C. Diverticulitis
D. Intussusception

Correct Answer: A. Infective colitis

4. A mother is preparing to breastfeed her infant, it would be of value to her, if she knows:

A. Grasp reflex
B. Moro's reflex
C. Rooting reflex
D. Cough reflex

Correct Answer: C. Rooting reflex

5. What is the average life span of normal platelets in circulation?

A. 24 hours
B. 72 hours
C. 10 days
D. 30 days

Correct Answer: C. 10 days

6. In tuberculous meningitis, the CSF finding includes:

A. Low sugar, high protein, lymphopenia
B. Low sugar, low protein, lymphocytosis
C. Low sugar, high protein, lymphocytosis
D. High sugar, low protein, lymphocytosis

Correct Answer: C. Low sugar, high protein, lymphocytosis

7. The commonest cause of enuresis in children is:

A. Urinary tract infection
B. Spina bifida
C. Diabetes Mellitus
D. Psychologic stress

Correct Answer: D. Psychologic stress

8. According to NDHS 2022, neonatal mortality rate is:

A. 33 deaths per 1,000 live births
B. 28 deaths per 1,000 live births
C. 21 deaths per 1,000 live births
D. 38 deaths per 1,000 live births

Correct Answer: C. 21 deaths per 1,000 live births

9. Zinc supplementation is recommended in children with diarrhea because:

A. It reduces the severity and duration of diarrhea
B. It decreases the severity of dehydration
C. It works as an antidiarrheal agent
D. It prevents the spread of infection

Correct Answer: A. It reduces the severity and duration of diarrhea

10. During the treatment of severe malnutrition, calorie required per kilogram body weight is:

A. 200
B. 150
C. 125
D. 300

Correct Answer: B. 150

11. An asymptomatic 34-year-old woman at 20 weeks gestation is found to have a 10-cm complex mass in the ovary. Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Dermoid cyst
B. Theca lutein cyst
C. Serous cystadenoma
D. Dysgerminoma

Correct Answer: A. Dermoid cyst

12. An 18-year-old presents with primary amenorrhea. Which one of the following best supports a diagnosis of Turner's syndrome?

A. Hypertension
B. Hirsutism
C. Short stature
D. Epicanthal folds

Correct Answer: C. Short stature

13. Lactational amenorrhea is due to:

A. Prolactin-induced inhibition of GnRH
B. Prolactin-induced inhibition of FSH
C. Oxytocin-induced inhibition of GnRH
D. Oxytocin-induced inhibition of FSH

Correct Answer: A. Prolactin-induced inhibition of GnRH

14. What is the pH range of vaginal secretions before puberty?

A. 6.8 to 7.2
B. 2.0 to 3.4
C. 3.6 to 4.2
D. 4.0 to 7.2

Correct Answer: C. 3.6 to 4.2

15. Which of the following puerperal infections is associated with scanty, odorless lochia?

A. Chlamydia trachomatis
B. Neisseria gonorrhea
C. Enterococcus species
D. Group A hemolytic streptococci

Correct Answer: D. Group A hemolytic streptococci

16. Insertion of the cord at the placental margin is called:

A. Battledore placenta
B. Velamentous insertion
C. Vasa previa
D. True knot

Correct Answer: A. Battledore placenta

17. Uterine artery is:

A. Branch of posterior division of internal iliac artery
B. Branch of anterior division of internal iliac artery
C. Direct branch of abdominal aorta
D. Branch of external iliac artery

Correct Answer: B. Branch of anterior division of internal iliac artery

18. Which is not a true statement regarding normal pregnancy?

A. The blood volume increases by 45%
B. The resting heart rate increases by 15-20 beats/min by the end of the third trimester
C. There is leukocytosis up to 18,000
D. Polycythaemia develops

Correct Answer: D. Polycythaemia develops

19. The embryonic period lasts from:

A. 4-6 weeks gestation
B. 6-10 weeks gestation
C. 10-14 weeks gestation
D. 10-20 weeks gestation

Correct Answer: B. 6-10 weeks gestation

20. Which of the following statements is not true with regard to dysfunctional uterine bleeding?

A. It is very rare in the teenage years
B. It is usually due to anovulatory cycles
C. Cyclical progesterone is used if it is a chronic problem
D. Oestrogen is used acutely to slow bleeding by contracting uterine arteries

Correct Answer: A. It is very rare in the teenage years

21. Pericardial rub is best audible in all except:

A. By pressing the chest piece of stethoscope
B. After holding the breath
C. On the left side of lower sternum
D. In lying down position

Correct Answer: B. After holding the breath

22. Severe kwashiorkor may have hepatic lesion in the form of:

A. Fatty infiltration
B. Laennec's cirrhosis
C. Hepatitis-like picture
D. Hepatic vein thrombosis

Correct Answer: A. Fatty infiltration

23. Bilateral facial nerve palsy is not seen in:

A. Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
B. Ramsay Hunt syndrome
C. GB syndrome
D. Heerfordt's syndrome

Correct Answer: B. Ramsay Hunt syndrome

24. PCO2 level required to produce CO2 narcosis is:

A. 40 mmHg
B. 50 mmHg
C. 60 mmHg
D. 70 mmHg

Correct Answer: D. 70 mmHg

25. Meckel diverticulum most commonly presents as:

A. Obstruction
B. GI bleeding
C. Intermittent abdominal pain
D. Diarrhea

Correct Answer: B. GI bleeding

26. Halitosis is present in all except:

A. Hepatic failure
B. Atrophic rhinitis
C. Amoebic liver abscess
D. Gastrocolic fistula

Correct Answer: B. Atrophic rhinitis

27. What is the most common ECG finding in a person with acute pulmonary embolism?

A. Sinus tachycardia
B. New right bundle branch block
C. Right axis deviation
D. S1Q3T3 wave pattern

Correct Answer: A. Sinus tachycardia

28. Which of the following is not an appropriate mode of treatment for acute pancreatitis in the first 48 hours of the illness?

A. Ringer's lactate
B. Analgesics
C. Oxygen
D. Antibiotics

Correct Answer: D. Antibiotics

29. What is the most common presenting symptom of pulmonary embolism?

A. Pleuritic chest pain
B. Dyspnea
C. Orthopnea
D. Cough

Correct Answer: B. Dyspnea

30. Which heart valve is most commonly affected by Rheumatic Heart Disease?

A. Mitral valve
B. Aortic valve
C. Tricuspid valve
D. Pulmonary valve

Correct Answer: A. Mitral valve

31. Korsakoff's syndrome is an amnestic disorder caused by damage to the:

A. Cerebral cortex
B. Amygdala
C. Hippocampus
D. Thalamus

Correct Answer: C. Hippocampus

32. The family members of a 57-year-old man reported that he has become increasingly irritable, has decreased sleep, and has started spending large amounts of money. Most likely diagnosis is:

A. Mania
B. Depression
C. Impulse control disorder
D. ADHD

Correct Answer: A. Mania

33. The commonest mental illnesses in children:

A. Mental retardation
B. Infantile autism
C. Enuresis
D. Neuroses

Correct Answer: C. Enuresis

34. True statement regarding 'alcoholic hallucinosis' is:

A. Visual hallucination
B. Most common hallucination seen in patients with delirium tremens
C. Auditory hallucination in clear consciousness
D. Associated with loss of consciousness

Correct Answer: C. Auditory hallucination in clear consciousness

35. National helpline for suicide prevention in Nepal is:

A. 1166
B. 1276
C. 1136
D. 1236

Correct Answer: A. 1166

36. In psoriasis, the site least commonly involved is:

A. Arthritis
B. CNS involvement
C. Nail involvement
D. Scalp involvement

Correct Answer: B. CNS involvement

37. Lasers used in medicine include all except:

A. Argon
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Neodymium-YAG
D. Sodium

Correct Answer: D. Sodium

38. Mucous membrane lesions are seen in:

A. Dermatitis herpetiformis
B. Impetigo
C. Pemphigoid
D. Pemphigus

Correct Answer: D. Pemphigus

39. True regarding Molluscum contagiosum:

A. Gentle squeezing with forceps after bathing can hasten resolution
B. Most common in healthy young adults
C. RNA virus
D. Spontaneous resolution never occurs

Correct Answer: B. Most common in healthy young adults

40. Sexually transmitted infection that is mostly asymptomatic in females is:

A. Gonorrhoea
B. Syphilis
C. Chlamydia
D. Genital Herpes

Correct Answer: C. Chlamydia

41. In acute diazepam overdose, drug of choice for treatment is:

A. Acetylcysteine
B. Oximes
C. Adrenaline
D. Flumazenil

Correct Answer: D. Flumazenil

42. Which of the following aspects of a new drug is not considered by drug regulators, but considered by healthcare providers?

A. Safety profile
B. Patient information
C. Manufacturing standards
D. Cost-effectiveness

Correct Answer: D. Cost-effectiveness

43. Zafirlukast is used as an anti-asthmatic acting as:

A. Prostaglandin antagonist
B. Lipoxygenase inhibitor
C. Leukotriene receptor antagonist
D. Cyclooxygenase inhibitor

Correct Answer: C. Leukotriene receptor antagonist

44. Which of the following ECG changes would be most likely in digoxin toxicity?

A. Increased PR interval
B. Increased QT interval
C. Peaked T waves
D. ST segment elevation

Correct Answer: A. Increased PR interval

45. What is a common side effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors like DAPAGLIFLOZIN?

A. Weight gain
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Diarrhea
D. Genital infection

Correct Answer: D. Genital infection

46. Normal anion gap is:

A. 2-4 mmol/L
B. 4-8 mmol/L
C. 8-16 mmol/L
D. 16-24 mmol/L

Correct Answer: C. 8-16 mmol/L

47. Which is not a recognized feature of high-altitude sickness?

A. Retinopathy
B. Pulmonary edema
C. Cerebral edema
D. Embolic episodes

Correct Answer: D. Embolic episodes

48. Hemodialysis may be used for each of the following poisonings except:

A. Digitalis
B. Barbiturates
C. Alcohol
D. Aspirin

Correct Answer: A. Digitalis

49. Which of the following is not a feature of acute severe asthma?

A. Inability to complete a sentence in one breath
B. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) less than 30% of predicted
C. Respiratory rate more than 25 breaths per minute
D. Heart rate more than 110 beats per minute

Correct Answer: C. Respiratory rate more than 25 breaths per minute

50. Most common organ injured in penetrating abdominal trauma is:

A. Small intestine
B. Liver
C. Spleen
D. Kidney

Correct Answer: A. Small intestine

51. How is hydatid disease transmitted?

A. By eating infected meat and therefore affects only non-vegetarians
B. By the faeco-oral route through ingestion of eggs
C. Through penetration of the skin of the barefoot by larvae
D. It may be vector-borne

Correct Answer: B. By the faeco-oral route through ingestion of eggs

52. Changes in body metabolism that occur in response to trauma are the following except:

A. Lipolysis
B. Protein breakdown
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Hypermetabolism

Correct Answer: C. Hypoglycemia

53. Which of the following is not a sign of acute appendicitis?

A. Psoas sign
B. Obturator sign
C. Murphy's sign
D. Rovsing's sign

Correct Answer: C. Murphy's sign

54. Which of the following is the most common type of breast carcinoma?

A. Lobular carcinoma
B. Ductal carcinoma in situ
C. Medullary carcinoma
D. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

Correct Answer: D. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

55. Which of the following is the best source of split skin graft?

A. Xenograft
B. Isograft
C. Homograft
D. Autograft

Correct Answer: D. Autograft

56. An advantage of using ethylene oxide for sterilization is:

A. It is the fastest method of sterilization
B. It can sterilize heat-sensitive items
C. It is inexpensive
D. It doesn't require special equipment

Correct Answer: B. It can sterilize heat-sensitive items

57. The classical triad of pheochromocytoma consists of all, except:

A. Diaphoresis
B. Paroxysmal hypertension
C. Palpitations
D. Headache

Correct Answer: B. Paroxysmal hypertension

58. The best age for colonoscopy to screen for polyps or colonic cancer would be:

A. >45 years
B. >55 years
C. >65 years
D. >35 years

Correct Answer: A. >45 years

59. True about horseshoe kidney:

A. Prone to urinary reflux, obstruction, and stone formation
B. Further ascent of the fused kidneys is prevented by the superior mesenteric artery
C. Females are more affected than males
D. The upper pole of two kidneys fuse to form an isthmus

Correct Answer: A. Prone to urinary reflux, obstruction, and stone formation

60. All of the following are examples of inflammatory bowel disease, except:

A. Neutropenic colitis
B. Microscopic colitis
C. Ulcerative colitis
D. Crohn's disease

Correct Answer: A. Neutropenic colitis

61. Corneal sensations are diminished in:

A. Herpes simplex
B. Conjunctivitis
C. Fungal infections
D. Marginal keratitis

Correct Answer: A. Herpes simplex

62. Nasolacrimal duct opens into which meatus?

A. Inferior meatus
B. Middle meatus
C. Superior meatus
D. Supreme meatus

Correct Answer: A. Inferior meatus

63. A young female with a long history of sinusitis presented with frequent fever along with personality changes and headache of recent origin. The fundus examination revealed papilledema. The most likely diagnosis is:

A. Frontal lobe abscess
B. Meningitis
C. Encephalitis
D. Frontal lobe osteomyelitis

Correct Answer: A. Frontal lobe abscess

64. The last sensation to be lost following local anesthesia administration in a dental procedure is:

A. Pain
B. Touch
C. Temperature sense
D. Deep pressure

Correct Answer: D. Deep pressure

65. Which maneuver is done for the purpose of treating BPPV?

A. Dix-Hallpike maneuver
B. Epley maneuver
C. Valsalva maneuver
D. Weber maneuver

Correct Answer: B. Epley maneuver

66. All are tuning fork tests, except:

A. Schwabach's test
B. Grunt's test
C. Rinne's test
D. Weber's test

Correct Answer: B. Grunt's test

67. Cauliflower ear is:

A. Keloid
B. Perichondritis in boxers
C. Squamous cell carcinoma
D. Anaplastic cell carcinoma

Correct Answer: B. Perichondritis in boxers

68. SHAPU stands for:

A. Seasonal hyperacute pan-uveitis
B. Seasonal hyperacute posterior uveitis
C. Systemic hyperallergic pan-uveitis
D. Systemic hyperacute pan-uveitis

Correct Answer: A. Seasonal hyperacute pan-uveitis

69. Emergency referral for 'red eye' includes:

A. Subconjunctival hemorrhage
B. Viral conjunctivitis
C. Episcleritis
D. Hyphema

Correct Answer: D. Hyphema

70. Which one is responsible for the strongest refraction in the eye?

A. Tear film
B. Cornea
C. Lens
D. Vitreous

Correct Answer: B. Cornea

71. What is the cause of hypotension during spinal anesthesia?

A. Hypovolemia
B. Parasympathetic block
C. Sympathetic block
D. Shifting of fluids to extremities

Correct Answer: C. Sympathetic block

72. Which one of the following is used as the template for PCR?

A. Double-stranded DNA
B. Single-stranded DNA
C. RNA
D. Protein

Correct Answer: A. Double-stranded DNA

73. Which of the following is a safe, rapid, and smooth inducing agent for children?

A. Sevoflurane
B. Halothane
C. Ether
D. Suxamethonium

Correct Answer: A. Sevoflurane

74. Which of the following is not a component of the crush syndrome?

A. Myohemoglobinuria
B. Massive crushing of muscles
C. Acute tubular necrosis
D. Bleeding diathesis

Correct Answer: D. Bleeding diathesis

75. Card test is done for which of the following nerves?

A. Radial
B. Axillary
C. Ulnar
D. Median

Correct Answer: C. Ulnar

76. Typical radiological finding in Rickets:

A. Looser's zone
B. Ground glass appearance
C. Cupping and fraying of metaphysis
D. Honeycomb pattern

Correct Answer: C. Cupping and fraying of metaphysis

77. Which of the following is a common risk factor for developing osteoporosis?

A. High calcium intake
B. Sedentary lifestyle
C. Regular weight-bearing exercise
D. Hormone replacement therapy

Correct Answer: B. Sedentary lifestyle

78. The gold standard test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in the stomach is:

A. Urease breath test
B. Histopathology of gastric biopsy sample
C. Rapid urease test
D. Serum antibody test

Correct Answer: B. Histopathology of gastric biopsy sample

79. Which one of the following statements regarding daily management in the ICU is accurate?

A. Blood glucose levels should be maintained in the range of 72-108 mg/dL
B. Proton pump inhibitors and H-2 receptor antagonists reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding
C. The hemoglobin level should be kept above 10 g/dL in ICU patients
D. Unfractionated heparin given twice daily is more effective than low molecular weight heparin at preventing pulmonary embolus in ICU patients

Correct Answer: B. Proton pump inhibitors and H-2 receptor antagonists reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding

80. Which cell in the bone microenvironment is primarily responsible for coordinating the regulation of bone remodeling?

A. Osteocytes
B. Bone marrow stromal cells
C. Osteoblasts
D. Osteoclasts

Correct Answer: D. Osteoclasts

81. In a child who has been raped, the hymen:

A. May be intact because it is elastic
B. May be intact because it is deep situated
C. May be perforated because it is very thin
D. May be perforated because it is superficially situated

Correct Answer: B. May be intact because it is deep situated

82. While breaking bad news, the patient suddenly starts crying. What will be the appropriate response in such a case?

A. Give empathy to the patient
B. Convince him not to cry
C. Ignore and move to the next patient
D. Call attendant and ask to give empathy

Correct Answer: A. Give empathy to the patient

83. According to the Human Body Organ Transplantation Act, the minimum age required to donate an organ is:

A. 16 years
B. 18 years
C. 20 years
D. At any age if consent is given by the donor

Correct Answer: B. 18 years

84. If stored correctly, the cornea can be transplanted within how many days of its removal from a brain-dead person?

A. 3 days
B. 7 days
C. 10 days
D. 14 days

Correct Answer: D. 14 days

85. Who chairs the National Public Health Committee enacted in the Public Health Act?

A. Health Secretary
B. Chief Secretary
C. Prime Minister
D. Health Minister

Correct Answer: D. Health Minister

86. Abortion was legalized in Nepal in:

A. 2002 AD
B. 2008 AD
C. 2015 AD
D. 2006 AD

Correct Answer: A. 2002 AD

87. The probation period while making a fresh appointment to any permanent post of the health service is:

A. Six months for both male and female employees
B. Three months for female and six months for male employees
C. Six months for female and twelve months for male employees
D. Twelve months for both male and female employees

Correct Answer: C. Six months for female and twelve months for male employees

88. The most common primary pattern of fingerprint is:

A. Arch
B. Whorl
C. Composite
D. Loop

Correct Answer: D. Loop

89. Which of the following types of consent is not legally valid?

A. Written
B. Verbal
C. Blanket
D. Informed

Correct Answer: C. Blanket

90. Which of the following leaves cannot be given to temporary health service employees?

A. Study leave
B. Home leave
C. Sick leave
D. Prasuti leave

Correct Answer: A. Study leave

91. What is the upper safe limit for radiation exposure?

A. <5 rad
B. <10 rad
C. 10-15 rad
D. >15 rad

Correct Answer: A. <5 rad

92. Decrease in the incidence of a disease to a level where it ceases to be a public health problem is:

A. Control
B. Elimination
C. Eradication
D. Surveillance

Correct Answer: A. Control

93. Which of the following is not used to check milk pasteurization?

A. Standard plate count
B. Phosphatase test
C. Coliform count
D. Methylene blue reduction test

Correct Answer: D. Methylene blue reduction test

94. Casal's necklace is seen in:

A. PCOS
B. Contact dermatitis
C. Beri-beri
D. Pellagra

Correct Answer: D. Pellagra

95. Which of the following led to an outbreak of influenza in China in 2013?

A. H7N9
B. H1N1
C. H3N2
D. H5N1

Correct Answer: A. H7N9

96. CB-IMCI program does not address the following disease:

A. Pneumonia
B. Diarrhea
C. Malnutrition
D. Chickenpox

Correct Answer: D. Chickenpox

97. Which of the following ratios provides an estimate of risk in case-control studies?

A. Odds ratio
B. Sex ratio
C. Disease ratio
D. Dependency ratio

Correct Answer: A. Odds ratio

98. Post-exposure vaccine is given in:

A. Mumps
B. Rubella
C. Rabies
D. Typhoid

Correct Answer: C. Rabies

99. Present (2081 BS) Maternal Mortality Ratio in Gandaki Province is:

A. 141 per 100,000 live births
B. 151 per 100,000 live births
C. 161 per 100,000 live births
D. 171 per 100,000 live births

Correct Answer: C. 161 per 100,000 live births

100. Sayana Press is:

A. Medroxyprogesterone acetate
B. Levonorgestrel
C. Desogestrel
D. Norgestrel

Correct Answer: A. Medroxyprogesterone acetate

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